The SHA-512 hash
SHA-512 is part of the SHA-2 hash algorithm family. It is a hash function that takes an arbitrary inputs of bytes and produces a 64 byte output (512 bit). This algorithm, along with SHA-256, are used extensively thoughout the internet, government applications, operating systems, and almost every area of modern life.
After the weaknesses of the SHA-1 algorithm was exposed, the NSA began developing the SHA-2 family of hashing functions.